Outline and Explain the View That Youth Subcultures Are a...

Outline And Explain the view that youth subcultures are a form of resistance to capitalism (33 Marks) A youth subculture is a youth-based subculture with distinct styles, behaviours, and interests. Youth subcultures offer participants an identity outside of that ascribed by social institutions such as family, work, home and school. Capitalism is an economic and political system in which a countries trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit. I will use evidence from the CCCS (Marxists), Parsons, Pollemous and Bennett. Marxist writers, especially those associated with the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies (CCCS) studies youth sub-cultures in the 1970s. They saw working-class youth cultures linked to the†¦show more content†¦Parsons says that the purpose of youth sub-cultures is essentially to act as a transition between childhood and adulthood and smooth this pathway, providing links between the conflicting values of home (childhood) and work (adulthood). Functionalist research into youth sub-cultures has been criticised for emphasising the shared features of youth-subcultures and ignoring important differences, especially social class. Pollemous, a postmodernist would also argue against the statement that youth sub-cultures are rebelling against capitalist society, stating that old/solid subcultures no longer exist as boundaries between subcultures have become blurred. His concept, the supermarket of style illustrates that lifestyle is now based on individual taste, and often approached in a pick n mix approach. The pick n mix approach involves playing with different styles, sampling and mixing them. Criticisms of postmodernist research into youth sub-cultures is that distinct sub-cultures may not have disappeared, some still exist in contemporary society- included Goths and hipsters. Bennett would disagree with the statement and say that sub-cultures do not exist today. Bennett researched clubs in Newcastle and found no evidence for youth sub-cultures. Instead, he found loose, fluid and relatively short term youth groupings occurred, which were drawn from a range of socialShow MoreRelatedcrime and deviance4817 Words   |  20 Pagesthe following may appear: status frustration, illegitimate opportunity structure, delinquency and drift, subterranean values, anomie, cultural deprivation, alternative status hierarchy, criminal subcultures, conflict subcultures, retreatist subcultures, differential association, focal concerns, resistance through ritual, bricolage, style. Evaluation may be developed, for example, by locating the discussion within a debate between perspectives, or considering relevant methodological issues. 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No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scopeRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesCopyright  ©2005 by The McGraw−Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without prior written permission of the publisher. This McGraw−Hill Primis text may include materials submitted to McGraw−Hill for publication by the instructor of this course. The instructorRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. 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This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper SaddleRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesstab you or murder you.2 But Palumbo persisted in making his club a safer, cleaner environment. During the 1990s, he campaigned nationally against the use of drugs in youth venues. Thus the Ministry of Sound led in the transformation of club culture from an underground movement associated with ‘acid house’ into a mainstream youth market activity. An illuminated sign on Palumbo’s ofï ¬ ce wall read: We are building a global entertainment business based on a strong aspirational brand respected for its

What Are The Risks Of Climate Change And Global Warming

What are the risks of climate change and global warming? Type in your name EDRD plus your Section number Type in the Instructor’s name February 20, 2015 Abstract One of the largest problems fronting the world today is global warming. Many experts believe that our makings of carbon dioxide and extra greenhouse gases have a heating effect on the troposphere, and this can be very hazardous to human life. This research paper will explore the issue of global warming and propose ways to resolve the issue. Introduction Global climate change and the change will have a significant impact on people, ecosystems, cities and energy on the planet. Temperature global average air temperature is 1.5 degrees already that they were from the beginning of the twentieth century and grew by only about 1 degree during the last 30 years. Many complications have top to global warming. One of the major problems is hovering sea levels. This might lead to submerging of small seaside zones and towns, such as Egypt, the Netherlands and Bangladesh. Some places may even disappear altogether! Another problem caused by global warming and climate change. Many parts of the world are experiencing an increase in hurricanes, floods and other unusual weather. A third issue is the effect of global warming on animals. Fish populations may be affected, while some insects that spread disease may become more frequent. Body Climate change raises the risk of extreme drought events more intense hurricanes,Show MoreRelatedWhat Are The Risks Of Climate Change And Global Warming?1513 Words   |  7 Pages What Are The Risks Of Climate Change And Global Warming? One can not disagree with the fact that the Earth s climate is changing and it has genuinely become a global problem for mankind. It goes without saying that the fact of the global climate change is confirmed by scientific observations and is not disputed by most scholars. And yet, apparently, there are ongoing discussions around this topic. Some use the term global warming and make apocalyptic predictions, while others predict the onsetRead MoreWhat Are The Risks Of Climate Change And Global Warming?1518 Words   |  7 PagesWhat are the risks of climate change and global warming? Climate change has been a pertinent issue in the media as of the past decade. With much debate on its severity, some simply believe that it is the result of alternating weather patterns. Meanwhile, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change claims that global warming â€Å"has been driven by human activity,† continuing on to say that its existence is â€Å"unequivocal† (sciencemag). As most scientific research suggests, it is evident that climateRead MoreMariah Miller. Professor Fandel. Eng 105. 5 May 2017. Global1613 Words   |  7 PagesProfessor Fandel ENG 105 5 May 2017 Global Warming Spring is upon us and summer is fast approaching; the weather in Iowa is unpredictable as usual. A few weeks ago, it was unseasonably warm, for the sake of comfort I switched the heat off and the air conditioner on; not your typical April, or is it? Based on scientific research I believe the explanation for the bizarre weather patterns are caused by climate changes that are the result of global warming. What is global warming? It is when the earth s atmosphereRead MoreGlobal Warming Is An Global Issue That The World Is Facing Right Now Essay1528 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal warming is an unsolvable issue that the world is facing right now. Some causes of global warming are not a natural thing to happen in this environmental conflict. Numbers of scientists, environmentalists, and researchers has been trying to know the other reasons for the sudden changes of the climate over time. Many of these environmental specialists believe that the changes in the global climate are called the â €Å"global warming.† Based on the article of Chaya Dachoh, global warming is a globalRead MoreIllegal Drugs : Source And Solution And It s The Problem Essay1451 Words   |  6 Pagesinternationally consume drugs. Which is the most common used drug in the U.S. What is the most commonly used drug in the U.S. Young people take more drugs than before. High school students drank alcohol and smoked drugs. People want to change. People think drugs are the solution and it’s the problem. The consequences of drugs are worse than the real problems they had before. You shouldn’t take drugs. Different drugs. They change drugs. Marijuana most used drug. Illegal Drugs ââ€"  Drugs have been part ofRead MoreThe Warming And Global Warming1442 Words   |  6 PagesThe Warming World Around Us The world is warming and we cannot deny it, the longer we deny the larger the problem it will become. Global warming is affecting the world economy, the overall health of the population, and most importantly the environment that surrounds us. Ignoring this problem will not just make it suddenly disappear; the world has to make an effort to stop it while it can still be maintained. Accepting the fact that it is happening is just the first step, the next step is takingRead MoreGlobal Warming Essay1407 Words   |  6 PagesNovember 2014 Global Warming Essay The idea of global became prevalent when the world began industrializing. As the popularity of cars grew and industrial factories began to spring up the air quality suffered. The problem was not recognized because, aside from a few orange skies, there were no obvious effects. Although in this day and age we can see what global warming is doing to our Earth, there are still those people who believe that humans are too small to make an impact. Global warming is tooRead MoreGlobal Warming And Climate Change1131 Words   |  5 Pagesattribute this to human-caused climate change. During President Obama’s State of the Union address in 2015, he stated that, â€Å"No challenge poses a greater threat to future generations than climate change,† (â€Å"Remarks by the President†). Warming temperatures caused by anthropogenic climate change have disastrous consequences that pose a threat to humanity and the environment. Scientists have given numerous warnings that human-caused, or anthropogenic, climate change is not only occurring now, butRead MoreGlobal Warming And Climate Change974 Words   |  4 Pagesabout global warming, whether it is true or false. Is there evidence to prove that global warming has impacted the climate due to the rise in the earth’s temperature? Climate change is a problem that is worldwide that should be reviewed. 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Film Review Dear White People Essay Example For Students

Film Review Dear White People Essay There is an everlasting struggle for self-identity within the African American community. Primarily, due to the trauma created during American history. Many men and women have overcome the trauma, and found their own purpose for their life. Some attribute their self-discovery to a higher education. College is supposed to be a place to find out who you are and create a path for your life. The film, â€Å"Dear White People,† written and directed by Justin Simien breaks down the misconceptions of marginalized African American students at the fictional Ivy League institution, Winchester University. The Black students are struggling to define themselves in an environment dominated by race, power, and privilege. The film tells the story through the vantage points of four students. Sam White is a politically-active film student, who voices her thoughts on a radio show entitled, â€Å"Dear White People. † Colandrea â€Å"CoCo† Connors is a YouTube blogger, who hopes to become a reality TV star. Lionel Higgins is an awkward and aspiring, journalist, who struggles with his sexuality as well as his perception on campus. The fourth character, Troy Fairbanks is the popular son of the school’s dean, who’s running for a position on student government. Right away, the director sets the tone of the film by telling audiences that a, â€Å"race war,† has begun, following a Halloween party hosted by the campus humor magazine staff. The theme of the party instructs white attendees to, â€Å"unleash their inner negro. † The tension began 5 weeks prior, and finally erupted at the black-faced Halloween party. A flashback, to five weeks ago, audiences are introduced to Sam. She is the outspoken DJ of the radio show, â€Å"Dear White People,† who details her experiences as a mixed African American. Sam exposes hypocrites, but still hasnt discovered herself. Then, there’s Lionel. Lionel is black and gay, something that is yet to be accepted at Winchester University, and also in society. Lionel is forced to face his battles head on, when he’s asked by the schools newspaper to cover, â€Å"Black culture,† on campus. All the while, Colandrea is trying her hardest to act Black enough for a spot on reality TV. Troy, is simultaneously trying to decide whether the life his father wants for him, is the life he wants for himself. The director, Simien, evenly balanced the serious issues of the film with comical satire. The movie examines today’s status quo, from the eyes of young Black people. Regardless of skin color or ethnicity, audiences are able to identify with the struggles presented by each character; this is probably why this movie speaks to so many. The film concludes with life at Winchester after the chaotic Halloween party. The commotion has settled, and black students have found a way to express themselves to make their presence known on campus. â€Å"Dear White People,† is a must see film. Everyone will perceive it differently, but it is one of those films that examines the issues we’d rather keep quiet about. The message of the film is well received; it is a solid film. Simien and the cast did an outstanding job of detailing this generation’s struggle with race, power, and privilege.

The s Family History Is Very Unique Essay Example For Students

The s Family History Is Very Unique Essay Heather’s family history is very unique. Her mother was born in Caracas, Venezuela. When her mother was 10 they packed up and moved to Buffalo, New York. Heather’s Mother’s family traveled a lot growing up. Heather’s grandmother, mother and uncle both traveled to Japan and spent 4 years living there. Rebecca, Heather’s mother, decided to join the army at the age of 21 and at the age of 23 is when she met heather’s father, Eric Spieler. Eric was born in Germany and then he moved to New York when he was 19 and decided to join the army. Both Rebecca and Eric met while in basic training. They married at the age of 24 and had 3 beautiful little girls. Samantha, Heatherlynn and Kristina. All 3 were born in Fort Lewis, Washington. We will write a custom essay on The s Family History Is Very Unique specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In 1995 Eric was given orders to move to Fort Hood, Texas. So Rebecca and the girls moved with him. After 6 months of living in Texas, Eric left his family and pursued another. Heather and her sisters were raised by their mother and with some help from their Grandmother, Barbara in Texas. Barbara was in the Army as well and retired at the age of 65. When she was 30 she decided she was going to go back to school and get a degree. At the age of 60 she graduated with her 3rd master’s degree and at the age of 77 she graduated with a Nurse Practitioner Doctoral Degree. She is now a professor at The University of Tennessee. Rebecca retired from the Army at the age of 40 and went to college to get her associates in nursing. At the age of 52 she graduated with her Bachelors in Nursing and is the Head Nurse of General Surgery and Urology of Darnell Army Medical Center in Fort Hood, Texas. Eric decided to retire from the army at the age of 46 and became the Regional Director of Home Land Security. Heather’s Uncle James . . their students’ respect and keep their classrooms orderly. She thinks that when teachers genuinely care for their students, it shows in the way they teach and in the time they devote to their students. This kind of caring nature is bound to positively affect their students. Teaching should be one of society’s most valued professions, there is a necessity for quality education. There is a need for people to challenge social attitudes and to work for positive change, especially with regards to education. To a large extent, Heather’s former negative attitudes towards schooling have provided some of the inspiration for her to enter the teaching field. Heather never really tried when it came to school, she put very little effort into it and the older she got the more she began to realize she should have put more effort and how much not putting the effort in affected her.

Beginners Guide to the Maya Civilization

Beginners Guide to the Maya Civilization The Maya Civilization- also called the Mayan civilization- is the general name archaeologists have given to several independent, loosely affiliated city states who shared a cultural heritage in terms of language, customs, dress, artistic style and material culture. They occupied the central American continent, including the southern parts of Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras, an area of about 150,000 square miles. In general, researchers tend to split the Maya into the Highland and Lowland Maya. By the way, archaeologists prefer to use the term Maya civilization rather than the more common Mayan civilization, leaving Mayan to refer to the language. Highland and Lowland Maya The Maya civilization covered an enormous area with a large variation of environments, economies, and growth of the civilization. Scholars address some of the Maya cultural variation by studying separate issues related to the climate and environment of the region. The Maya Highlands are the southern part of the Maya civilization, included the mountainous region in Mexico (particularly Chiapas state), Guatemala and Honduras. The Maya Lowlands make up the northern segment of the Maya region, including Mexicos Yucatan peninsula, and adjacent parts of Guatemala and Belize. A Pacific coastal piedmont range north of the Soconusco had fertile soils, dense forests and mangrove swamps. See Maya Lowlands and Maya Highlands for in-depth information. The Maya civilization was certainly never an empire, inasmuch as one person never ruled the entire region. During the Classic period, there were several strong kings at Tikal, Calakmul, Caracol and Dos Pilas, but none of them ever conquered the others. Its probably best to think of the Maya as a collection of independent city-states, who shared some ritual and ceremonial practices, some architecture, some cultural objects. The city-states traded with one another, and with the Olmec and Teotihuacan polities (at different times), and they also warred with one another from time to time. Timeline Mesoamerican archaeology is broken up into general sections. The Maya are in general thought to have maintained a cultural continuity between about 500 BC and AD 900, with the Classic Maya  beween  AD 250-900. Archaic  before 2500 BCHunting and gathering  lifestyle prevails.Early Formative  2500-1000 BCFirst  beans  and  maize agriculture, people live in isolated farmsteads and hamletsMiddle Formative  1000-400 BCFirst  monumental architecture, first villages; people switch to full-time agriculture,  Olmec  contacts, and, at  Nakbe, the first evidence of  social ranking, beginning about 600-400 BCImportant sites:  Nakbe,  Chalchuapa,  KaminaljuyuLate Formative  400 BC-AD 250First  massive palaces are built at urban Nakbe and El Mirador, first writing, constructed road systems and water control, organized trade and widespread warfareImportant sites: El Mirador,  Nakbe, Cerros, Komchen, Tikal,  KaminaljuyuClassic  AD 250-900Widespread literacy including calendars and lists of royal lineages at Copn and Tikal, first dynastic kingdoms, changing political alliances, large palaces and mortuary pyramids constructed, intensification of agriculture. Populatio ns peak at about 100 per square kilometers. Paramount kings and polities installed at  Tikal,  Calakmul,  Caracol, and Dos  PilosImportant sites:  Copn,  Palenque,  Tikal,  Calakmul,  Caracol, Dos Pilas,  Uxmal,  Coba, Dzibilchaltun, Kabah, Labna, Sayil Postclassic  AD 900-1500Some centers abandoned, written records stop. Puuc hill country flourishes and small rural towns prosper near rivers and lakes until the Spanish arrive in 1517Important sites:  Chichà ©n Itz,  Mayapan, Iximche, Utatlan) Known Kings and Leaders Each independent Maya city had its own set of institutionalized rulers  beginning in the Classic period (AD 250-900). Documentary evidence for the kings and queens has been found on stele and temple wall inscriptions and a few sarcophagi. During the Classic period, kings were generally in charge of a particular city and its supporting region. The area controlled by a specific king might be hundreds or even thousands of square kilometers. The rulers court included palaces, temples and ball courts, and  great plazas, open areas where festivals and other public events were held. Kings were hereditary positions, and, at least after they were dead, the kings were sometimes considered gods. As an example, below are linked what is known of the dynastic records of  Palenque,  Copn  and  Tikal.   Rulers of Palenque Rulers of Copn Rulers of Tikal Important Facts about the Maya Civilization Population:  There is no complete population estimate, but it must have been in the millions. In the 1600s, the Spanish reported that there were between 600,000-1 million people living in the Yucatan peninsula alone. Each of the larger cities probably had populations in excess of 100,000, but that doesnt count the rural sectors that supported the larger cities. Environment:  The Maya Lowland region below 800 meters is tropical with rainy and dry seasons. There is little-exposed water except in lakes in limestone faults, swamps, and  cenotes-natural sinkholes in the limestone that are geologically a result of the  Chicxulub crater  impact. Originally, the area was blanketed with multiple canopied forests  and mixed vegetation. The Highland Maya regions include a string of volcanically active mountains. Eruptions have dumped rich volcanic ash throughout the region, leading to deep rich soils and  obsidian  deposits. Climate in the highland is temperate, with rare frost. Upland forests originally were mixed pine and deciduous trees. Writing, Language, and Calendars of the Maya Civilization Mayan language:  The various groups spoke nearly 30 closely related languages and dialects, including the Mayan and Huastec Writing:  The Maya had 800 distinct  hieroglyphs, with the first evidence of language written on stela and walls of buildings beginning ca 300 BC. Bark cloth paper  codexes  were being used no later than the 1500s, but all but a handful were destroyed by Spanish Calendar:  The so-called long count calendar was invented by Mixe-Zoquean speakers, based on the extant  Mesoamerican Calendar. It was adapted by the classic period Maya ca 200 AD. The earliest inscription in long count among the Maya was made dated AD 292. Earliest date listed on the long count calendar is about August 11, 3114 BC, what the Maya said was the founding date of their civilization. The first dynastic calendars were being used by about 400 BC Extant written records of the Maya:  Popul Vuh, extant Paris, Madrid, and Dresden  codices, and the papers of  Fray Diego de Landa  called Relacion. Astronomy The Dresden Codex dated to the Late Post Classic/Colonial period (1250-1520) includes astronomical tables on Venus and Mars, on eclipses, on seasons and the movement of the tides. These tables chart the seasons with respect to their civic year, predict solar and lunar eclipses and tracked the motion of the planets. Maya Civilization Ritual Intoxicants:  Chocolate  (Theobroma), blache (fermented honey and an extract from the balche tree; morning glory seeds, pulque (from agave plants),  tobacco, intoxicating enemas,  Maya Blue Sweat baths:  Piedras Negras, San Antonio,  Cerà ©n Astronomy:  The Maya tracked the sun, moon, and Venus. Calendars include eclipse warnings and safe periods, and almanacs for tracking Venus. Observatories:  built at  Chichà ©n Itz Maya Gods:  What we know of Maya religion is based on writings and drawings on codices or temples. A few of the gods include: God A or Cimi or Cisin (god of death or flatulent one), God B or  Chac, (rain and lightning), God C (sacredness), God D or Itzamna (creator or scribe or learned one), God E (maize), God G (sun), God L (trade or merchant), God K or Kauil, Ixchel or Ix Chel (goddess of fertility), Goddess O or Chac Chel. There are others; and in the Maya pantheon, there are sometimes combined gods, glyphs for two different gods appearing as one glyph. Death and Afterlife:  Ideas about death and the afterlife are little known, but the entry to the underworld was called Xibalba or Place of Fright Mayan Economics See the  Maya Economics  page for information about trade, currency, agriculture, and other economic issues. Maya Politics Warfare:  The Maya had  fortified sites, and military themes and battles events are illustrated in Maya art by the Early Classic period. Warrior classes, including some professional warriors, were part of the Maya society. Wars were fought over territory, slaves, to avenge insults, and to establish succession. Weaponry:  axes, clubs, maces, throwing spears, shields, and helmets, bladed spears Ritual sacrifice:  offerings thrown into  cenotes, and placed in tombs; the Maya pierced their tongues, earlobes, genitals or other body parts for  blood sacrifice. animals (mostly jaguars) were sacrificed, and there were human victims, including  high-ranking  enemy warriors who were captured, tortured and sacrificed Mayan Architecture The first steles are associated with the Classic period, and the earliest is from Tikal, where a stele is dated AD 292. Emblem glyphs signified specific rulers and a specific sign called ahaw is today interpreted as lord. Distinctive architectural styles of the Maya include (but arent limited to) Rio Bec (7th-9th centuries AD, block masonry palaces with towers and central doorways at sites such as Rio Bec, Hormiguero, Chicanna, and Becan); Chenes (7th-9th centuries AD, related to the Rio Bec but without the towers at Hochob Santa rosa Xtampack, Dzibilnocac);  Puuc  (AD 700-950, intricately designed facades and doorjambs at Chichà ©n Itz,  Uxmal, Sayil, Labna, Kabah); and Toltec (or Maya Toltec AD 950-1250, at  Chichà ©n Itz. Archaeological Sites of the Maya Really the best way to learn about the Maya is to go and visit the archaeological ruins. Many of them are open to the public and have museums and even gift shops on the sites. You can find Maya archaeological sites in Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador and in several Mexican states. Major Maya Cities Belize:  Batsub  Cave,  Colha,  Minanha,  Altun Ha,  Caracol,  Lamanai,  Cahal Pech,  Xunantunich El Salvador:  Chalchuapa,  Quelepa Mexico:  El Tajin,  Mayapan,  Cacaxtla,  Bonampak,  Chichà ©n Itz,  Cob  ,  Uxmal,  Palenque Honduras:  Copan,  Puerto Escondido Guatemala:  Kaminaljuyu,  La Corona (Site Q),  Nakbe,  Tikal  ,  Ceibal,  Nakum More on the Maya Books on the Maya  A collection of reviews of a handful of the recent books on the Maya. Finding Maya Site Q. Mysterious Site Q was one of the sites referred to on glyphs and temple inscriptions and researchers believe they have finally located it as the site of La Corona. Spectacles and Spectators: Walking Tour of Maya Plazas. Although when you visit archaeological ruins of the Maya, you generally look at the tall buildingsbut a lot  of interesting things are to be learned about the plazas, the big open spaces between the temples and palaces at the major Maya cities.

Solutions, Suspensions, Colloids, and Dispersions

Solutions, Suspensions, Colloids, and Dispersions Solutions, suspensions, colloids, and other dispersions are similar but have characteristics that set each one apart from the others. Solutions A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more components. The dissolving agent is the solvent. The substance that  is dissolved is the solute. The components of a solution are atoms, ions, or molecules, making  them 10-9 m or smaller in diameter. Example: Sugar and water Suspensions The particles in suspensions are larger than those found in solutions. Components of a suspension can be evenly distributed by mechanical means, like by shaking the contents but the components will eventually settle out. Example: Oil and water Colloids Particles intermediate in size between those found in solutions and suspensions can be mixed in such a way that they remain evenly distributed without settling out. These particles range in size from 10-8 to 10-6 m in size and are termed colloidal particles or colloids. The mixture they form is called a colloidal dispersion. A colloidal dispersion consists of colloids in a dispersing medium. Example: Milk Other Dispersions Liquids, solids, and gasses all may be mixed to form colloidal dispersions. Aerosols: Solid or liquid particles in a gasExamples: Smoke is solid in a gas. Fog is a liquid in a gas. Sols: Solid particles in a liquidExample: Milk of Magnesia is a sol with solid magnesium hydroxide in water. Emulsions: Liquid particles in a liquidExample: Mayonnaise is oil in water. Gels: Liquids in solidExamples: Gelatin is protein in water. Quicksand is sand in water. Telling Them Apart You can tell suspensions from colloids and solutions because the components of suspensions will eventually separate. Colloids can be distinguished from solutions using the Tyndall effect. A beam of light passing through a true solution, such as air, is not visible. Light passing through a colloidal dispersion, such as smoky or foggy air, will be reflected by the larger particles and the light beam will be visible.

Practical Privacy Problem Solving Research Paper

Practical Privacy Problem Solving - Research Paper Example At the current economic scenario, information plays a vital role and organizations use this information in deep linking as a tool for promotional activity. It provides information of all kinds through deep links which are important and this often includes unwanted information too. Looking from the point of view of a consumer, the deep linking has positive as well as negative impact. The positive side of it is that it provides information and from the negative perspective, it often includes unnecessarily information upon which consumers are not interested. Many organizations use deep links and as a result there are lot of information and data which creates a block for the consumers. There should be certain guidelines for the use of the strategy of deep linking and also for protecting the consumers’ interest. Various laws have been established regarding the ethical issues in the usage of deep linking strategy. In the segment of e-marketing, the value and practice of professionals lies in the process of deep linking. Each individual in e-marketing has to adhere to professional codes and at the same time also contribute to them. From the ethical point of view of a consumer the conflict arises and due to this, the governments across the world have initiated regulations for online conduct. Most of the organizations in the world are in favor that the internet should be left to the free operation of the market. But consumers do not feel so due to their privacy interference which rises to ethical issues and therefore the conflict has been on the ever increasing spree. The regulations states that prior to the consent, the recipient of the e-mail has formerly notified the sender (organizations) that he/she consented at the commencement of the correspondence for receiving such e-mail for direct marketing intention (Email Marketing Solutions UK,

City Genral plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

City Genral plan - Essay Example As well as activities that are acceptable on every land parcel, this provides every area with compatibility and continuity as well as those individuals who border those areas. Taking an example of a general plan of Albany, in New York and, the element of land use element has been addressed of which its purpose is to benefit individuals and shape development of cities this is vividly seen in reference with the cities prospective of which its plans are to shape the road ahead, with a target that they feel should be accomplished in the future twenty years from the current time. In the land use plan land uses a pattern known as the spatial distribution all over the city and ways in which for instance the occupants or even enterprises make use of land that is available. The goals that are entailed in this element are simple but at the same time work best, it ties to the six original visions statements which are original and its aim is to support the adoption of a balanced future land use pattern standing with these concepts. There’s also strategies in the land use element and has suggestions such as the utilization of properties that have been neglected or could be they are not occupied, maps are used to guide decisions in the transportation connections land generally the use of land. The land use map outlines a number of lands uses for instance what is referred to as the downtown hub. In all of these corridors there’s employment and education centers that are contained and their results lead to a prosperous economy and revitalized development of the city. The land use element is essential because it is what is used to guide future development and make land use decisions that maintain attractive and economically sustainable city, through considering citizens satisfaction survey in making improvements it can lead to a commendable city development. While dealing with the land use element hardships that are involved in matters like understanding nature an d the limitations the planners coaching and motivation bring to decision concerning how land is used. In land use element we see that the cultural factors are mainly less emphasized in comparison to the physical and even the economic and social characteristics in making decisions on land use patterns. For instance in places that are have the potential of productivity according to soil and the slope parameters and to the existing social economic aspect do not maintain the activities that a land use would assign to them. The cultural factors that affect land use element and mostly in development of a city are information, the technology and the biasness that comes along this factors could either affect land use component positively or negatively. Due to cultures being different from one another, there happen that evaluation on land use can’t be standardized for similar physical conditions. People living and working in a given space often there’s is disregard the proposal s of studies on the constraints that are physical in the area. When we have people living and working together at a place there’s usually disregard of proposals on studies on the physical parameters of the area. Land use element evaluation on the Albany city portrays the potential for production and loss under a specified land use thus there is no possibility of commanding a decision that depends on the individuality of the populations influenced. Some of the systems attributes turn out to be dangerous to the

Constitution Paper Essay Example for Free

Constitution Paper Essay The weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation were pointed out by the Constitution. The Articles of Confederation were tweaked in May 1786. This introduced a set of fresh regulations for the central government. Thedeclaration of Independence was approved by the Congress on July 4, 1776. The Constitution paid attention to the irregularities in the Declaration of Independence and replaced all direct mentions of slavery. The Great Compromise drew an end to the disagreements among the states and set congressional representation upon population on an equal basis. The Bill of Rights was introduced by James Madison to the first United States Congress on August 21 1789 and was used by the House of Representatives. John Dickinson proposed an outline to the Articles of Confederation in 1776. The first establishment of a formal government in the colonies was introduced in this. The Articles of Confederation was accepted by thirteen states on March 1 1781. The document of unification introduced a semblance of control to the central government. The Articles of Confederation helped address a feeble government system and pointed out a number of failures. Nonetheless The Articles of Confederation offered very little success as a government tool. The U.S. Constitution was put in writing in 1787. The new U.S. Constitution attempted to address the unsuccessful failures of the Articles of Confederation. For example, the Congress had no authority to charge taxes on the states. The system relied on donations from the states. The notion of federal taxation was opposed by the states. This caused an overpowering rise in currency because Congress did not have proper funding.Another defect of Congress was that it failed be in command of the foreign commerce. As a result, merchants and consumers had to pay high prices. Though Congress did possess the power to pass regulations and laws they were not allowed The thirteen American colonies of Great Britain revolted and declared independence for good reason. The actions of the British governm ent the king deprived Americans of numerous rights that were guaranteed to all other British citizens. In fact, many of these rights were guaranteed as early as 1215 since the American colonists were British citizens they had good reason to expect those rights to be recognized. They werent and in 1776 the American colonies declared independence and became the United States of America. When Americans wrote the Constitution and the Bill of Rights, they made sure to fix the problems.  These are some of the ways they fix the problems The king exercised absolute power. The power of British kings had been limited since 1215 almost 400 years before the first American colony was settled. The US Constitution divides power among three branches of government, and there are checks and balances to make sure that no single branch gets too powerful. Colonials were taxed without their consent. British citizens were represented in Parliament American colonists were not represented in Parliament, even though they were British citizens The US Constitution gives Congress the power to tax US citizens, and US citizens are represented in Congress by representatives they elect. July 16, 1987 began with a light breeze a cloudless sky and a spirit of celebration. On that day two hundred senators and representatives boarded a special train for a journey to Philadelphia to celebrate a sing ular congressional anniversary. Exactly two hundred years earlier the framers of the U.S. Constitution, meeting at Independence Hall, had reached a supremely important agreement. Their so called Great Compromise Connecticut Compromise in honor of its architects Connecticut delegates Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth provided a dual system of congressional representation. In the House of Representatives each state would be assigned a number of seats in proportion to its population. In the Senate all states would have the same number of seats. Today we take this arrangement for granted in the wilting hot summer of 1787 it was a new idea. In the weeks before July 16 1787 the framers had made several important decisions about the Senates structure. They turned aside a proposal to have the House of Representatives elect senators from lists submitted by the individual state legislatures and agreed that those legislatures should elect their own senators. By July 16 the convention had already set the minimum age for senators at thirty and the term length at six years as opposed to twenty-five for House members with two year terms. James Madison explained that these distinctions based on the nature of the senatorial trust, which requires greater extent of information and stability of character would allow the Senate to proceed with more coolness with more system and with more wisdom than the popular electedbranch The issue of representation however threatened to destroy the seven week old convention. Delegates from the large states believed that because their states contributed proportionally more to the nations financial and defensive  resources they should enjoy proportionally greater representation in the Senate as well as in the House. Small-state delegates demanded, with comparable intensity, that all states be equally represented in both houses. When Sherman proposed the compromise, Benjamin Franklin agreed that each state should have an equal vote in the Senate in all mattersexcept those involving money. Over the Fourth of July holiday delegates worked out a compromise plan that sidetracked Franklins proposal. On July 16 the convention adopted the Great Compromise by a heart stopping margin of one vote. As the 1987 celebrants duly noted without that vote there would likely have been no Constitution. I think the bill of rights would be the perfect discussion what is the bill of rights The original Constitution as proposed in 1787 in Philadelphia and as ratified by the sta tes, contained very few individual rights guarantees as the framers were primarily focused on establishing the machinery for an effective federal government. A proposal by delegate Charles Pinckney to include several rights guarantees including liberty of the press and a ban on quartering soldiers in private homes was submitted to the Committee on Detail on August 20 1787 but the Committee did not adopt any of Pinckney recommendations. The matter came up before the Convention on September 12 1787 and following a brief debate proposals to include a Bill or Rights in the Constitution were rejected. As adopted, the Constitution included only a few specific rights guarantees protection against states impairing the obligation of contracts provisions that prohibit both the federal and state governments from enforcingex post facto lawslaws that allow punishment for an action that was not criminal at the time it was undertaken and provisions barringbills of attainderlegislative determinations of guilt and punishment Art. I Sections 9 and 10. The framers and notably James Madison its principal architect believed that the Constitution protected lib erty primarily through its division of powers that made it difficult for an oppressive majorities to form and capture power to be used against minorities. Delegates also probably feared that a debate over liberty guarantees might prolong or even threaten the fiercely-debated compromises that had been made over the long hot summer of 1787. In the ratification debate Ant Federalists opposed to the Constitution complained that the new system threatened liberties and suggested that if the delegates had truly cared about protecting individual rights they would have included  provisions that accomplished that. With ratification in serious doubt Federalists announced a willingness to take up the matter of series of amendments to be called the Bill of Rights soon after ratification and the First Congress comes into session. The concession wasundoubtedlynecessary to secure the Constitutions hard fought ratification. Thomas Jefferson, who did not attend the Constitutional Convention,in a December 1787 letter to Madisoncalled the omission of a Bill of Rights a major mistake A bill of rights is what the people are entitled to against every government on earth. James Madison was skeptical of the value of a listing of rights, calling it a parchment barrier. Madisons preference at the Convention to safeguard liberties was by giving Congress an unlimited veto over state laws and creating a joint executive judicial council of revision that could veto federal laws. Despite his skepticism, by the fall of 1788 Madison believed that a declaration of rights should be added to the Constitution. Its value, in Madisons view, was in part educational, in part as a vehicle that might be used to rally people against a future oppressive government and finally in an argumentborrowed from Thomas Jefferson Madison argued that a declaration of rights would help install the judiciary as guardian ofindividual rights against the other branches.

SYMPTOMS Signs and Symbolism in Medical Discourse :: Essays Papers

SYMPTOMS Signs and Symbolism in Medical Discourse Whether it is regarded as disease or illness, whether it occurs in a society practicing biomedicine or a culture practicing indigenous medicine, sickness is universal. Diseases and illnesses of all types plague each and every society throughout the world. Central to the idea of sickness is the diagnostic element of the symptom. Although many cultures have unique ideologies regarding sickness, healing, and efficacy, these cultures use the symptom as the primary instrument to maintain their culturally constructed idea of health. Regardless of the healing system or society, globally, people tend to use the symptom as a tool to communicate illness to the appropriate medical practitioner. In seeking the healing action of practitioners and the advice of friends and family, the sick communicate their symptoms as a way of receiving social legitimization for their illness. Thus, symptoms are also used by the sick to gain legitimization of the sick role from society. Just as culture is integrated in the beliefs and behaviors of every society, symptoms are deeply embedded in the concept of sickness and healing. Symptoms add clarity to the complex ideas of sickness and healing in such a way that it is difficult to discuss either process without touching on these symbols. The symptom is regarded as a vital part of the illness experience because it offers insight into the physiological and psychological aspects of the patient’s body. In this way, the symptom symbolizes the roots of a tree, anchoring a societal understanding of medical knowledge and healing etiologies. Therefore, it is the purpose of this paper to explore the significance of symptoms and determine their centrality to a culture’s ideas of sickness and healing. Related topics such as the symptom’s significance in the process of social legitimization of illness and its symbolic nature will serve to supplement and support the argument that symptoms ar e, in fact, central in the process of healing. Definition and Importance of the Symptom Due to the intricacy of the symptom, it is difficult to construct a simple definition. Illness symptoms are â€Å"differently labeled by individuals in dissimilar social situations† (Browner 1983: 494).

Sublimation of Vanillin and O-Vanillin

Experiment In this experiment a high vacuum sublimation was performed to determine the vapor pressure and finally the enthalpy of sublimation of Vanillin and o-Vanillin. AKnudsen cell with sample was weighed 10 times maybe just say weighed by difference, they don’t usually like it when you spell out the steps like that no way it was like 0. 5 grams, check the lab again and at least 0. 5 g of Vanillin or o-Vanillin was added to the cell and it was reweighed 10 times.This experiment depended heavily on the method of weigh by difference when determining the mass of sample (Vanillin or o-Vanillin) loss in sublimation. A water bath (70 Â °C for vanillin or 40 Â °C for o-Vanillin) is prepared for the sample. The Knudsen cell was inserted into the sample tube and the closed end of the sample tube was placed into the prepared water bath. The tube with the O-ring was connected to the sublimation apparatus. The diffusion pump was connected to the water supply and turned on to 90 V. Th e cold trap of the apparatus was filled with Liquid nitrogen every hour of the experiment.Maybe talk about the type of vacuum pump used since there was so much about it in the lab manual After the sample had reached and sustained the desired temperature for about 5 minutes the sublimation region was roughed.. Just say that you roughed, they don’t usually like this step by step stuff with the valves, but I do like that talk about the pressures that we reached The time between the opening of valve 1 and 3 was the uncertainty in total time. The sublimation apparatus was place under high vacuum to initiate the sublimation process.After making sure the exhaust region pressure did not rapidly increase the temperature of the water bath was recorded every couple of minutes until only 15 minutes were left in the laboratory. This experiment was repeated for a 2nd trial with the only change being the water bath ( 55 Â °C for Vanillin or 30 Â °C for o-Vanillin). Need degree signs Data Analysis The purpose of this experiment was to determine the vapor pressure of Vanillin and o-Vanillin to thus determine the enthalpy of sublimation of Vanillin and o-Vanillin.The mass loss was determined by weighing the difference in the mass of the Knudsen cell + sample before and after sublimation. The area of the Knudsen cell orifice was determined by using the area of a circle equation A= (d/2)2 . The dimensionless correction factor (? ) was determined using the equation ? =1-0. 5(l/d)+0. 2(l/d)2 . Using the measured values of mass loss (m), total time (t), and temperature (T), along with calculated thickness parameter (? ) and area (A) we determined the vapor pressure of our samples using the following equation:Vapor Pressure (P) = ((m)? ( A? t))? SQRT((2 R? T)/(M)) Where R = 8. 314 J/kmol ? The calculated vapor pressure for each trial was used along with the measured average temperature from each trial in the temperature bound integrated Clausius-Clapeyron equation to determi ne the ? HÂ °Sub . Enthalpy of Sublimation ? HÂ °Sub = – Ln(P2/P1)(T2-T1)? R Using the Integrated Clausius-Clapeyron equation and the vapor pressure equation discussed the raw data was used to determine the following analyzed results for vapor pressure and ? HÂ °Sub for Vanillin and o-Vanillin..Probably should add standard deviations, even if they are those weird numbers we were still talking about in lab Thursday. | Vanillin T1| Vanillin T 2| o-Vanillin T 1| o-Vanillin T2| m (kg)| 8. 59E-06Â ±6. 37E-06| 6. 816E-05Â ±2. 458E-07| 2. 916E-05Â ±1. 350E-07| 6. 125E-05Â ±9. 156E-07| T (K)| 329. 02Â ±0. 30| 343. 54Â ±0. 16| 311. 40Â ±0. 08| 302. 73Â ±0. 06| t (sec)| 5732Â ±24| 6870Â ±13| 6291Â ±25| 6291Â ±40| P (Pa)| 1. 0107Â ±0. 2931| 6. 8358Â ±0. 1378| 3. 0406Â ±0. 0622| 6. 2972Â ±0. 1372| ? HÂ °Sub (J/mol)| -230. 728 Â ±239. 311| | 52. 4913 Â ±43. 7797| | ? | 0. 991928| | | | A (m^2)| 5. 024E-07 Â ± 1. 0053E-08| | | |

Modernization Essay

Modernization is a process of modernizing a way of life. South Africa and China both attempted to modernize for a beneficial outcome. China was successful at modernizing and benefited greatly. South Africa resisted modernization and in the end suffered from harmful effects. South Africa and China both modernized in their own way. China attempted to modernize from the struggles that were present in the country. In China, modernization occurred later than then most countries; this allowed the Chinese to use other countries as a model. China began to focus on important industry’s that would help their country prosper. They began to advance in military, science, and technology, and established a strong economy by selling products to other nations. As a result of modernization China became urbanized, and industrialized. The nation also became economically stronger which made the growing nation prosper. Modernization benefited China in all aspects of a great nation. China modernization process started to begin after the Qing dynasty fell, with this the country wanted to reform which led to modernization. Modernization was a very beneficial process to china as a whole. South Africa did not benefit from the process of modernization. Modernization caused a loss of culture and society to African culture. The British came to South Africa hoping they could take over the country and modernize the country as a hole. The people of South Africa were known as the Zulus, the Zulu’s resented modernization of the British and wanted to modernize on their own. The British attempted to convert South Africans to Christianity to create modernization in the country. The Zulu’s lost the war to the British and their freedom; natives were forced to provide cheap labor to the British to make money for food. The British benefitted more from modernization then South Africans did. Modernization was not beneficial to the South Africans. Modernization was beneficial to China and was harmful to South Africa. China took years to modernize and was late in modernization but did eventually modernize and greatly befitted from it. South Africa did not benefit from modernization; they had a loss in society and culture. Modernization will always ether help a country or be harmful to the country. This will depend on how the country attempts this process as a hole and what they go off of.

Death in One Hundred Years of Solitude and The House of the Spirits Essay Example

Death in One Hundred Years of Solitude and The House of the Spirits Essay Example Death in One Hundred Years of Solitude and The House of the Spirits Essay Death in One Hundred Years of Solitude and The House of the Spirits Essay Attitudes toward death tend to differ between cultures. The Latin American novels One Hundred Years of Solitude and The House of the Spirits show us an attitude toward mortality that stems from many of the attitudes towards life itself. Death in the novels serves as a commentary on life, society, the characters and their spirituality. Each death and the way in which it is received, mourned and celebrated by the other characters is unique but each as significant as the life that preceded it. Consciousness transcends death and is inborn in the next generations ensuring that physical death is not the end. In other cases however a person dies in a spiritual or emotional sense well before their actual physical mortality. The deaths are not incidental, rather the timing and manner of each is crafted and developed by the author for a distinct reason often reflecting the life, relationships and spiritual standing of the individual character.The reactions to death are unusual and often less d ramatic than expected. This arises from the characters belief that death isnt a permanent separation but instead, the creation of a more spiritual relationship. As Clara nears death, in The House of the Spirits, she reflects on the way she wishes her grandaughter to receive her passing. She hoped that Alba would be calm, because in her case death would not be separation, but a way of being more united.1 Ursula is the character in One Hundred Years of Solitude who, due to her longevity, witnesses the most deaths.She mourns the loss of her family and friends but with a certain manner of acquiescence, understanding that death happens to all. Her religion and belief in the afterlife allows her to be calm following the loss of her family, accepting that the spirits of the deceased will live on, along with all their characteristics and memories.Throughout both novels, the physical death of each character does not necessarily entail the end of their spiritual existence or their influence o n the still-living characters. Likewise, several characters experience a spiritual or emotional death well before their last breath. Social and religious constructs such as the possibility of an afterlife, and a universal, inherited consciousness make the re-appearance of characters after their death an acceptable and logical phenomenon. Each re-appearance seems to serve a purpose, as those who return continue to advise and guide the living. In The House of the Spirits, Clara continues to act as the familys spiritual guardian long after she dies.This is important to her family, Fortunately Clara returned, or perhaps she never left.2 At the time of her physical death, she calmly accepts that her purpose on earth has been fulfilled, and seems to simply leave her life rather than have it taken from her. She returns to the family home often, sometimes to observe, and other times with advice. Similarly, in One Hundred Years of Solitude the gypsy Melquà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ades returns to Macondo i n a metaphysical form to converse with and guide Aureliano Segundo. Although Melquà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ades refuses to translate his old, seemingly senseless notations, he spends almost every afternoon in his old room talking with Aureliano Segundo, trying to infuse him with his old wisdom3 and giving clues to the meaning of his manuscripts. He is a man full of scientific wisdom and it seems understandable that he should continue to share his knowledge with the family beyond his death.As well as through a spiritual after-life, the consciousness transcends death and is reborn in other people of succeeding generations. The concept of a universal collective consciousness being passed from generation to generation is evident. In the instance where Melquà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ades appears in the old room Aureliano Segundo recognised him at once, because hereditary memory had been transmitted from generation to generation and had come to him through the memory of his grandfather4. Similarly, in One Hundred Y ears of Solitude, the names given to the children assign a propensity for certain characteristics and behaviours. Subsequently the characters have many similar experiences and relationships, affecting the world and others in much that same way as their predecessors.The names of both the novels imply a continuity of consciousness regardless of physical death, time or change. The House of the Spirits is a title that doesnt refer to any particular person or event, but rather uses the house as a constant figure that holds the spirits, souls and consciousnesss from previous generations. Likewise, One Hundred Years of Solitude indicates a continuity of a feature, in this case solitude, over the entire novel. The very first character of the novel in a sense creates the solitude that remains with the subsequent generations in both a geographical and spiritual sense.Some characters cease to exist within the social and emotional world before the time of their actually physical passing. This o ften occurs due to a dramatic or emotionally scarring incident in their life. Colonel Aureliano Buendia and Colonel Gerineldo Marquez suffer the tragedies of war and withdraw into their own minds, neglecting their family, friends and social obligations. This is a social death that in many ways retracts a person from life to the same or greater extent as a physical death. Both these characters lose all capability of loving, and become emotionless and oblivious to the world revolving around them. Their families learn that they are beyond normal relationships, however Ursula tries to find any last remaining compassion and nostalgia within her son Colonel Aureliano Buendia, asking him to at least remember them all if he goes away again. The Colonel replies in a way that shows he knows that the war has killed him, if only in his soul. Im sorryIts just that the war has done away with everything.5Rebecca, the widow of Josà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Arcadio, also confines her self to her house, breaking a ny connections with the ever changing outside world, and with her family. Many years later Ursula is shocked that Rebecca is still living because through years of living as a hermit Rebecca had rendered herself dead in the minds of everyone. In her first social contact for many years, Rebecca sends the Buendias some money to pay for the renovations that were done on her house. However the coins she sends were withdrawn from circulation many years before. It was then that they saw to what a fantastic point her separation from the world had arrived and they understood that it would be impossible to rescue her from her stubborn enclosure while she still had a breath of life in her.6On the other hand, this form of spiritual and social death does not occur in the characters in The House of the Spirits. These people are very insistent on life and struggle to survive, not only physically but spiritually. When Alba is on deaths door, Clara appears, advising that the point was not to die, be cause death came anyway, but to live which would be a miracle.7The death of many of the characters is often used quite deliberately in order to convey a message or further the plot. The death of Prudencio Aquilar is the first in One Hundred Years of Solitude. It is the catalyst for all the ensuing events in the lives of Ursula and Josà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Arcadio. Likewise, the accidental death of Rosa the Beauty, in The House of the Spirits, causes Esteban, her fiancee, to flee town and become the patron of Tres Marà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½as. This death instigates the events that result due to Estebans bereavement.The calmness and reconciliation that Esteban finds at the end of his life, allows Alba to culminate the cycle of hate caused by Esteban and indirectly by Rosas death. Some characters die for their cause in life, sacrificing themselves for what they believe in. Specific incidences of martyrdom can be seen in the death of the members of the armies and political parties in both novels, who lay d own their lives for their passionate beliefs. In a similar way, those men who are captivated by their love for Remedios either kill themselves or die from ..her powers of death.8 They feel so affected and intoxicated by their love, feeling that if death will bring them any resolution they are prepared to forgo the remainder of their lives.In these novels, death comes in many forms, for many reasons, each deliberate and specific to the individual character. The family sagas of The House of the Spirits and One Hundred Years of Solitude are not just the histories of the lives of the characters, but also the history of their deaths. The deaths are not incidental; the authors have employed them to convey messages.These messages are different and purposeful, some commenting on the importance of maintaining strong relationships and existence in the social world whilst still living, others implying the insignificance of physical death in spiritualistic lives. Whatever the individual meaning , in each novel, spirituality ensures an appreciation that death is not necessarily the end of being, it is just another stage. As Clara says Just as when we come into the world, when we die we are afraid of the unknown.dying is like being born; just a change.9

What to Do With Short Stories

What to Do With Short Stories Recently I received a simple email from a reader who stated she wrote mostly short stories, and she had no clue what to do with them. She felt the day of the short story was over, and that hers had no chance of being published. She also asked how to make any money with them. These days, short writing is often interpreted as free to read, and she wanted to make a dollar or two from her effort. I understood her frustration and desire. Immediately, I asked her how many publications did she buy each year that catered to the short story. She could count them on one hand. You can guess my response to that. If shes not supporting the short story market, how can she expect to make money from it? Same goes for poetry, mysteries, sci-fi and the rest. {Okay, rant over.) From there, I suggested the following methods to earning income from short stories: 1) Contests In case you are new to FundsforWriters, I post many contests, and only those that pay $200 or more. Short story competitions are popular in the contest world. They usually charge entry fees, which are used to fund the prize money and cover expenses of judges and online promotion. Try to work one a month into your regimen. Contests are no different from submitting to editors. You risk rejection, but you also play the odds of being discovered and published in addition to putting a few dollars in your pocket. 2) Self-pub shorts on Amazon Self-publishing isnt just for novels or how-to books. Whats great these days is that you can sell ebooks, e-shorts, or chapbooks online, regardless of word count. Your short might not make more than 99 cents, but its read, and youre on your way as a short story author. 3) Magazines and anthologies These calls for submissions dont holler loud, so youll need to pay attention to venues like FundsforWriters to find them. Of course you need to sign up for FundsforWriters, and preferably TOTAL FundsforWriters as well. (See https://fundsforwriters.com/total-subscription-special/ But here are some markets to help your efforts: http://thewritelife.com/where-to-submit-short-stories/ amazon.com/Novel-Short-Story-Writers-Market/dp/159963841X/fundsforwriters sfwa.org/category/information-center/advice-for-new-writers/where-to-submit/ http://thereviewreview.net/publishing-tips/show-me-literary-magazines-pay 4) Crowdfunding Do you have a short story project in mind? Pitch it in a crowdfunding campaign at Kickstarter.com , Indiegogo.com , Pubslush.com , Unbound.co.uk or any of two dozen others. These are the most common and reliable for authors. Study the successful campaigns and learn from the masters. Earn money for your project and build a following at the same time. Short people rock!

Aspects of the Fundamentals of Speech Class Essay

Aspects of the Fundamentals of Speech Class - Essay Example This essay stresses that Speech, or public speaking, involves organizing ideas, researching these ideas, and presenting them to others. We all have many, many ideas about what we would like to speak about. The difficult part is narrowing it all down to one idea, or topic. The best way to do this is to choose a topic that you are familiar with and interested in. Use resources such as magazine articles, books, newspapers, television shows, conversations with people, etc. to help gain ideas. Knowing how to choose the best topic, narrowing it down, and researching (learning more about various subjects) are skills that can improve my daily communication such as talking with a friend, discussing a topic with a professor, or trying to land a job with an employer. As the report declares determine what the purpose of your speech. Will you be speaking to inform and to offer information or will you be writing to try and persuade? Informing is to give facts and information without adding personal opinion. Persuading is to try and change the attitudes and thoughts of your listeners in order to get them to act upon what you have said in your speech. The best speeches contain your own experience and knowledge of the chosen topic. Use information from materials such as books, magazines, reference materials, etc. from various sources. Libraries contain a wealth of information. Interviews, the internet and visiting various locations can provide the necessary information. Be sure to take good notes and to give credit to the author of the information that you will be using.

Intergrating Cases (BMW's dream factory and Culture) Essay

Intergrating Cases (BMW's dream factory and Culture) - Essay Example Schein (2004:20) states that an occupation involving intense period of education and training, shared learning of attitudes, norms and values will be assumed to be taken for granted for the members of the group. Organizational culture is essential for successful organizational change as well as maximizing the value of human capital and to create management competency. (Management Heaven, 2009) The cultural strength of BMW can be measures in term of its policies involving employees in decision making process an through profit sharing initiative much EU introduced and its leadership strategy to ask questions to get the best answer. BMW introduces several development programmes from manufacturing plants at Leipzig and providing flexibility and innovations in the design as per the customers' requirement and the employees have a sense of history, vision and mission once they set foot inside the company which immediately gives the employees a sense of meaning to their job which ultimately shows that BMW is empowered with good organizational culture. 2) Leadership Model and Its Impact on BMW Culture Davis, Inc (2003:7) supports Schein's statement that process of culture creation is the essence of leadership and that leadership and culture are two sides of same coin. It is further stated that leaders create and change the organizational culture whereas the managers and administrators apply themselves to that culture. Leaders need to act as role model, have realistic visions, personal performance, willingness to change, create a working environment stimulating enthusiasm and enjoyment which is prevalent in BMW as the employees and high level executives and other professionals work side by side applying their ideas and thoughts to carve out better design. (Pergamon Flexibile Learning, 2005) BMW gets much of its strength from unparalleled labors that are flexible enough to work extra hours to meet the financial targets. BMW followed an unusual strategy like once the employees were rewarded for the creative error of the month with a bottle of fine wine from the boss's cellar and the employee was recognized for an outstanding and bold idea, which was well planned but failed working on the idea for three years. The idea by the leaders was to remove the stigma of making mistakes at work while innovation. (EmeraldInsight, 2006) BMW leadership stressed more on encouraging their employees which motivates them to work harder, intelligently and effectively. Thus BMW leadership model is very effective in achieving optimum output without have significant effect on the culture. 3) Employee Satisfaction Hellriegel and Slocum (2008) states that an organization need to motivate its present and future employees by providing utmost job satisfaction. Some of the key job characteristics to motivate employees at workplace include basic human needs, designing jobs that motivate people,

To What Extent is the Employment Relationship Based on the Expression Essay

To What Extent is the Employment Relationship Based on the Expression of Conflicting Interests - Essay Example The overt manifestations of employment relationship conflict such as low productivity, high turnover and high absenteeism are common. The covert manifestations of employment relationship conflict by their analysis of informal work groups, decision-making networks can be highlighted as well. The employment relationship conflicts are largely provided by poor management, poorly designed jobs and the presence of differences over the distribution of economic benefits and returns. In the following parts of this paper, different manifestations of conflicting interests between employer and employee are accounted for including the ways to reduce the level of conflict between them. Subsequent to that, personal viewpoint is included with a recent example of interest conflict between employee and employer before adding the conclusion part. Employment relationship: Manifestations and resolutions of conflicting interests The employment relationship comprises of both cooperation and conflict betwee n employer and employee. ... put their attention on numerous overt manifestations of employment relationship conflict such as job satisfaction and low productivity, high turnover and high absenteeism. Moreover, HR specialists have also highlighted the covert employment relationship conflict through their analysis of informal work groups (among management personnel and employees), decision-making networks and organizational culture. The HR specialists believe that the employment relationship conflict stems from poor management and can be diminished by the improved management (Lewin 2001). In this regard, Taylor (1911) contended that management-worker conflict was largely contributed by poorly designed jobs and the presence of differences over the distribution of economic returns from a relatively low level of productive outcome. Taylor (1911) further argued that by applying industrial engineering principles to the work re-design (including managerial work); the level of productivity would be enhanced considerably and would lead to much bigger economic returns to the management capital and labour. But, it was also the case that workers were increasingly chaffed under the framework of work system required them staunchly to follow the commands and orders of the supervisors (foremen) and that emboldened management to tighten (or threaten to tighten) standard work times at its own will. Furthermore, this work system considered workers as un-dimensional. In order to overcome this narrow concept of the worker and to deal with growing worker dissatisfaction with the framework of scientific management, the pioneers of the human relations movement directed employers’ attention towards workers’ social needs and to the significance of the informal work group (Roethlisberger & Dickson 1939). The notion

Adolescence psychology Essay Example for Free

Adolescence psychology Essay Thermostat concept. Early vs. Late puberty whether if it effects males or females differently, eating disorders, cognitive changes (adolescence brain, the different structures, frontal cortex, limbic system) Impacts of these changes, problem solving, risk taking, changes in intellect , social transitions (elongation of adolescence, a new concept during the industrial revolution) legal implications of adolescence, clarity vs. continuity, Discontinuous Society. What is changing in adolescence in their environment and family. Parenting styles. Sibling difference and family structure. Authoritative (high responsiveness high demandingness) responsible, confident, adaptive, creative, more curious, socially skilled and successful in school Authoritarian (low responsiveness high demandingness) dependent, passive, less socially adept, confident, curious Indulgent (low responsiveness, high demanding) less mature, irresponsible, more conforming and less apt leaders Indifferent (low responsiveness low demand) delinquent behavior sex drugs, and alcohol Parenting and Temperament Same Parenting+ different temperament different outcome Adolescence also elicit different parental strategies and behaviors. With greater maternal control adolescence are less likely to be delinquent. Ethnic Differences in Parenting Styles Authoritative parenting less prevalent among Black, Asian, or Hispanic families than among white families in the U. S Beneficial effects are found for all ethnic groups Why? Could it ever be beneficial, Use caution in interpreting Adverse effects greater fro white adolescents than for ethnic minorities Autonomy Attachment in the Family Those who assert their own opinions: -higher self-esteem -more mature coping Those with little autonomy -risk for depression, low self-esteem Adolescents who dont feel connected more likely to develop behavior problems Early Adolescence: Sibling Conflict increases During Adolescence siblings become -more equal -more distan less emotionally intense Quality of par-child relationship Quality of sibling relationship Relationships with peers Same -sex vs. Mixed-sex Siblings Mixed-sex less close during early adolescence; more closer later Genes vs. Envir: Sibling Differences Two types of environmental influences shared environmental influences non-shared environmental influence Siblings may have different family experiences treated differently by parents perceive similar experiences in different ways Different peer groups/nonshared 75% of treatment(tx)by parents is similar between kids Differences are okay unless unfair Causes strain on sibling relationship, tx of siblings different but well: Better relationships, decrease rivalry Sibling deidentification trying to distinguish self from sibling can also diminish eelings of competition

herbert hoover :: essays research papers

Herbert Hoover Son of a Quaker blacksmith, Herbert Clark Hoover brought to the Presidency an unparalleled reputation for public service as an engineer, administrator, and humanitarian. Born in an Iowa village in 1874, he grew up in Oregon. He enrolled at Stanford University when it opened in 1891, graduating as a mining engineer. He married his Stanford sweetheart, Lou Henry, and they went to China, where he worked for a private corporation as China's leading engineer. In June 1900 the Boxer Rebellion caught the Hoovers. While his wife worked in the hospitals, Hoover directed the building of barricades, and once risked his life rescuing Chinese children. One week before Hoover celebrated his 40th birthday in London, Germany declared war on France, and the American Consul General asked his help in getting stranded tourists home. In six weeks his committee helped 120,000 Americans return to the United States. Next Hoover turned to a far more difficult task, to feed Belgium, which had been overrun by the German army. After the United States entered the war, President Wilson appointed Hoover head of the Food Administration. He succeeded in cutting consumption of foods needed overseas and avoided rationing at home, yet kept the Allies fed. After the Armistice, Hoover, a member of the Supreme Economic Council and head of the American Relief Administration, organized shipments of food for starving millions in central Europe. He extended aid to famine-stricken Soviet Russia in 1921. When a critic inquired if he was not thus helping Bolshevism, Hoover retorted, "Twenty million people are starving. Whatever their politics, they shall be fed!" After capably serving as Secretary of Commerce under Presidents Harding and Coolidge, Hoover became the Republican Presidential nominee in 1928. He said then: "We in America today are nearer to the final triumph over poverty than ever before in the history of any land." His election seemed to ensure prosperity. Yet within months the stock market crashed, and the Nation spiraled downward into depression. After the crash Hoover announced that while he would keep the Federal budget balanced, he would cut taxes and expand public works spending. In 1931 repercussions from Europe deepened the crisis, even though the President presented to Congress a program asking for creation of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation to aid business, additional help for farmers facing mortgage foreclosures, banking reform, a loan to states for feeding the unemployed, expansion of public works, At the same time he reiterated his view that while people must not suffer from hunger and cold, caring for them must be primarily a local and voluntary responsibility.

Characters that influence scout in to kill a Mockingbird Essay

There are many positive influences that help shape Scout into the person she becomes at the end of the novel. In Harper Lee’s To Kill A Mocking Bird, there are 3 main characters that have an effect on Scout’s maturity. Jem Finch influences Scout because he is always looking out for her best interest. Next, Calpurnia influences Scout because she teaches her how to act â€Å"ladylike†. Finally, Atticus Finch influences Scout because he teaches her important life lessons throughout the book. Jem, Atticus and Calpurnia have the strongest influence on Scout’s development into the person she is at the end of the novel. For starters, Calpurnia helps scout become more lady like at the end of the novel by teaching her proper manners and edict. Scout learned cooking and cleaning skills from Calpurnia while Jem was busy growing up and distancing himself from her. â€Å"Just come right on in the kitchen when you feel lonesome, we’ll find lots for you to do in here.† (Lee 154). Another example of Calpurnia teaching Scout proper manners was when she corrects Scout for thinking that she is better than Walter Cunningham. â€Å"Yo’ folks might be better than the Cunningham’s, but it don’t count for nothing the way your disgracing them.† (Lee 33). When Calpurnia scolds Scout for thinking she is better than Walter, she is telling her how she was being extremely rude. Calpurnia tells her that it is not acceptable to treat company rudely. Calpurnia helps scout develop into the person she is at the end of the novel by teaching her appropriate lady like actions. Next, Jem influences Scout throughout the novel by always looking out for her best interests. When Dill first arrives Jem makes the decision that he is an acceptable friend, even when Scout questions this decision. â€Å"Jem told me to hush, which is a sure sign that Dill has been studied and found acceptable.† (Lee 9). Towards the end of the novel Jem looks out for Scout by throwing himself in front of her when they got attacked by Bob Ewell. â€Å"I felt Jem against me. He was up like lightning and pulling me with him.† (Lee 351). When Jem threw himself in front of Scout he proved that he would risk his own life looking after his sister. He wanted to make sure that Scout would end up okay, so he tried to fight off Bob Ewell in order to protect her and keep her safe. Jem Finch helps shape Scout into the person she is at the end  of the novel by always looking out for her best interests. Finally, Atticus Finch has a major influence of Scouts Developments into the person she becomes at the end of the novel because of the valuable life lessons he teaches her growing up. Atticus teaches Scout the importance of education by making a compromise that they will continue to read at home every night, as long as she is attending school during the day. â€Å"if you’ll concede the necessity of going to school, we’ll go on reading every night as we have been.† (Lee 41). Atticus also teaches Scout not to treat people differently just because they look strange or act weird. In the novel Atticus is referring to Boo Radley when he says â€Å"You never really understand a person until you’ve climbed into their skin and walked around in it.† (Lee 39). Scout does not really understand Boo Radley until the end of the book when he saves her brothers life. She really starts to understand him as she is standing on the Radley’s porch. She then realizes that even though Boo Radley was a bit odd looking, he was not a bad guy, in fact he was actually rather nice. Atticus Finch is a major influence on the person Scout is at the end of the novel because of the lessons he has taught her throughout her childhood. In conclusion, The 3 characters that had the biggest impact on Scout’s character change towards the end of the novel were Atticus, Jem and Calpurnia. First, Jem always looks out for her. Second, Calpurnia has taught her how to act like a proper lady. Finally Atticus has taught her valuable life lessons. In To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee has displayed that everyone’s surroundings influence their character, personality and ultimately the person they become.

Cars enslave us rather than liberate us Essay

Cars have been in use since the year 1870. Since then the number of cars on the roads has increased many times over. Cars now seem to have made our live easier and more convenient. Nevertheless, in my opinion, more cars give us much more problems than their benefits.First of all, people must work much harder in order to afford a car. This also means that they have to earn a considerable amount of money. The prices of new cars are so high that they usually need to take a credit to buy one. Moreover, cars are not only expensive to buy, but also cost very much to run. In fact, the gas price gets higher and the cost of maintenance is overpriced. Therefore, you have to work more hours if you want to have a car and still be able to live a decent life. one has to work overtime if he or she wants to have a car and keep their car still useful. Second, the quality of life in our cities is made worse because of cars. There are many traffic jams every day and the number of accidents is on the in crease. Consequently, people almost are getting more stress when they drive on street and feel risky every time. Futhermore, cars have had an adverse impact on the environment, causing an alarming rise in the levels of pollution worldwide. In addition, the toxic gases that cars eliminate pollute the air we breathe and this seems to threaten our lives every day. To make the matter worse, the main reason that develops the number of lung cancer is the air pollution. There are many people who die from lung cancer every year. Thirdly, I think that people who own cars are worried about them, especially when their cars being stolen or damaged. In order to cope with this worry, they have to install expensive alarm systems and, to make matters worse, car-owners have to avoid areas of the city where cars get broken into or stolen. Finally, there are a lot of advantages of the cars. For example, you can set off to any place you want no matter what time of the day and if there is any public transport to there. Another advantage in my view that cars are very helpful in carrying things from one place to another. To conclude, it is clear that cars seem to have made our live easier and more convenient. In conclusion, cars have many advantages but enslave us even more. Cars take us much affordability, threaten our life and worry us about making the car safe.